Mmepe nke LED

The LED development si na laabu nchoputa ka a zuru ụwa ọnụ ọkụ mgbanwe.With ngwa ngwa mmepe nke ikanam, ugbu a ikanam ngwa tumadi ka:
- ọkụ ụlọ:Igwe ọkụ LED, ọkụ ụlọ, oriọna tebụl
- ọkụ ọkụ azụmahịa:ọkụ ọkụ, ntụpọ ọkụ, panel ọkụ
- ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ:Ngwuputa ọkụ, nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ
- Ọkụ n'èzí:ọkụ okporo ụzọ, ọkụ odida obodo, ọkụ ọdọ mmiri
- Ọkụ ụgbọ ala:Igwe ọkụ ọkụ LED, ọkụ ụbọchị, ọkụ ọdụ
- LED ngosi:ihuenyo mgbasa ozi, Mini LED TV
- Ọkụ pụrụ iche:UV curing oriọna, osisi na-eto oriọna

N'oge a, anyị nwere ike ịhụ LED n'ebe nile na ndụ anyị, nke a bụ n'ihi nke fọrọ nke nta ka narị afọ nke mgbalị, anyị nwere ike nanị ịmata mmepe nke ikanam dị ka igbu 4 nkebi:
1. Nchọgharị mbụ ( mmalite narị afọ nke 20 -1960)
-Nchọpụta nke electroluminescence (1907)
Onye injinia Britain bụ Henry Joseph Round buru ụzọ hụ electroluminescence na kristal silicon carbide (SiC), mana ọ mụọghị ya na omimi.
N'afọ 1927, ọkà mmụta sayensị Soviet Oleg Losev gara n'ihu mụọ ma bipụta akwụkwọ, nke a na-ewere dị ka "nna nke ozizi LED", ma a kwụsịrị nchọpụta ahụ n'ihi Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.

-A mụrụ LED mbụ bara uru (1962)
Nick Holonyak Jr., General Electric (GE) Engineer mepụtara ọkụ ọkụ mbụ a na-ahụ anya (ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie, ihe GaAsP) .nke a na-egosi LED site na ụlọ nyocha na-ere ahịa, nke a na-eji eme ihe na-egosi ngwá ọrụ.

2. Ọganihu nke LED agba (1970s-1990s)
- Ewebata leds green na odo (1970s)
1972: M. George Craford (ụmụ akwụkwọ Holonyak) chepụtara ikanam edo edo (ugboro iri na-egbuke egbuke).
1980s: Aluminom, gallium na arsenic (AlGaAs) ihe na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke red leds dị mma nke ukwuu, bụ nke a na-eji na ọkụ okporo ụzọ na ngwá electronic.

-Blue LED mgbanwe (1990s)
1993: ọkà mmụta sayensị Japanese Shuji Nakamura (Shuji Nakamura) na Nichia chemical (Nichia) breakthrough gallium nitride (GaN) dabeere na-acha anụnụ anụnụ LED, meriri 2014 Nobel Prize na physics. Nke a na-egosi Blue LED + phosphor = LED white, na-etinye ntọala nke ọkụ ọkụ nke oge a.

3. Mmasị nke LED ọcha na ọkụ (2000s-2010s)
-Azụmaahịa White LED (2000s)
Nichia Chemical, Cree, Osram na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ weputara ihe na-acha ọcha na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma iji jiri nwayọ dochie oriọna ọkụ na fluorescent.
2006: American Cree ụlọ ọrụ weputara 100lm / W LED mbụ, karịa arụmọrụ oriọna fluorescent.
(Na 2006 Heguang Lighting malitere imepụta ọkụ n'okpuru mmiri LED)

-LED n'ime ọkụ n'ozuzu (2010s)
2010s: Ọnụ ego LED adaala nke ukwuu, mba dị iche iche gburugburu ụwa etinyela “mmachibido iwu na-acha ọcha” (dị ka EU wepụrụ oriọna ọkụ na 2012).
2014: Nrite Nobel na Physics nyere Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano na Shuji Nakamura maka onyinye na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.

4. Teknụzụ LED ọgbara ọhụrụ (2020 ruo ugbu a)
- Obere LED & Micro LED
Obere LED: A na-eji ya maka TVS dị elu (dị ka Apple Pro Display XDR), na-ebuga ihuenyo, ọkụ azụ a nụchara anụcha.
Micro LED: pikselụ na-enye onwe ya, a na-atụ anya ka ọ dochie OLED (Samsung, SONY ewepụtala ngwaahịa prototype).

- ọkụ nwere ọgụgụ isi na Li-Fi
Smart LED: okpomọkụ agba nwere ike ịgbanwe, njikwa netwọk (dị ka Philips Hue).
Li-Fi: Ojiji ọkụ LED na-ebunye data, ngwa ngwa karịa Wi-Fi (ụlọ nyocha eruola 224Gbps).

- UV LED na ngwa pụrụ iche
Uv-c LED: A na-eji ya eme ihe maka igba ogwu (dị ka ngwa mgbochi UV n'oge ọrịa na-efe efe).
LED uto osisi: ụdịdị dị iche iche ahaziri iji melite arụmọrụ ọrụ ugbo.

Site na "ìhè ihe ngosi" ruo "ọkụ ọkụ": arụmọrụ na-abawanye site na 1,000 ugboro ma na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa site na 99%, mgbasa ozi LED zuru ụwa ọnụ na-ebelata narị nde tọn CO₂ ikuku kwa afọ, LED na-agbanwe ụwa! N'ọdịnihu, LED nwere ike gbanwee ngosi, nkwukọrịta, ahụike na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ! Anyị ga-echere wee hụ!